Which type of interaction predominates during hard tissue laser procedures?

During hard tissue laser procedures, photodisruptive and photoacoustic interactions are the predominant mechanisms at play. These interactions involve the absorption of laser energy by the target tissues, leading to the rapid vaporization of water within the hard tissues such as teeth and bone. When the laser energy is highly focused, it can create a high-pressure wave that results in the disintegration of the tissue without causing significant thermal damage to the surrounding areas. This process is crucial in dental procedures, for instance, where precise cutting and ablation of dental hard tissues are required.

Photodisruptive interactions specifically refer to the ability of the laser to fracture the target tissue at high intensity, while photoacoustic effects arise from the rapid expansion of gas bubbles during tissue vaporization, which can induce mechanical stress and result in immediate tissue removal. The effectiveness of this method is why lasers are often chosen for their ability to perform precise and minimally invasive work on hard tissues, making them valuable tools in both dental and medical surgery.

The other types of interactions mentioned, like photothermal, photobiomodulation, and photochemical, while important in other contexts, do not dominate in the same way for hard tissue applications. Photothermal interactions deal primarily with temperature and heat transfer, phot