What is the primary absorption target for Nd:YAG and diode lasers?

The primary absorption target for Nd:YAG and diode lasers is indeed hemoglobin and melanin. These two components are critical because they are abundant in tissues that lasers are often used to treat. Hemoglobin, found in red blood cells, absorbs light effectively, making it an important target for vascular lesions, while melanin, present in skin and hair, absorbs laser energy for hair removal and pigmented lesion treatments.

Nd:YAG lasers, which operate at a wavelength of 1064 nm, primarily target hemoglobin in blood vessels, making them effective in treating conditions such as port wine stains and other vascular malformations. Diode lasers, often used for hair removal, also target melanin due to their tunable wavelengths, which can be adjusted to maximize absorption by this pigment in hair follicles.

By contrast, while water is a significant chromophore in many medical laser applications (particularly in skin resurfacing and certain surgical procedures), its primary role is less emphasized in the contexts of Nd:YAG and diode lasers targeting hemoglobin and melanin. Hydroxyapatite is relevant in dental applications, while carbon dioxide serves as a target for other types of lasers, particularly those used for cutting and ablating tissue. Thus, the choice of hemoglobin and mel